All about Fluoride

At Lighthouse Dental Practice, we understand that, especially in recent years, Fluoride has become a topic of considerable debate, often surrounded by myths and misconceptions. Fluoride plays a critical role in dental health, helping to prevent tooth decay and strengthen enamel. However, understanding the facts and dispelling common myths is essential for making informed decisions about its use.

Fluoride is a naturally occurring mineral found in soil, water, and various foods. It is known for its ability to strengthen tooth enamel and reduce the risk of cavities. In the UK, fluoride is commonly added to toothpaste and some public water supplies to enhance your oral health. Having 0.7 to 1.2 parts of fluoride for every part per million of water has been shown to have the best effect.

Fluoride helps to remineralise weakened enamel, making your teeth more resistant to decay. Studies consistently show that communities with fluoridated water have lower rates of dental cavities. It also enhances the mineral content of teeth, in turn making them stronger and less susceptible to acid attacks from bacteria in the mouth. Fluoride is also an affordable means of improving your oral health. Reducing cavities can lead to lower dental treatment costs in the future.

There are several different types of fluoride used in toothpaste. They are called stannous fluoride, sodium fluoride and sodium monofluorophosphate. By having different types of fluoride, it makes it easier for us to treat more specific oral health concerns, for example, chronic gingivitis, those that have a high cavity risk due to various influencing factors, or whitening-induced tooth sensitivity. In general, stannous fluoride usually helps with more dental issues all at once, which is why it is one of the most common types of fluoride you will find in toothpaste at supermarkets.

Sodium fluoride is used to prevent cavities. It also comes in prescription strengths for patients who are at a high risk for tooth decay or have severe gum recession. Sodium fluoride is also the type that is used by water sources for fluoridation purposes. Stannous fluoride, unlike sodium fluoride, has antimicrobial properties which do more than aid in the prevention of tooth decay. It helps to manage, prevent, and treat gingivitis due to its effectiveness of plaque biofilm levels. Sodium monofluorophosphate uses different molecular compounds that are activated by specific enzymes in your saliva, and like other types, is effective in helping to prevent tooth cavities.

For children, we begin fluoride applications from a young age, which are more concentrated than products which you can apply yourself. Some adults can also benefit from fluoride application to aid in the prevention of tooth decay, particularly for those who suffer from a dry mouth.

You should use fluoride toothpaste twice a day. UK guidance recommends that children aged 0-3 should use toothpaste containing at least 1000ppm of fluoride, children aged 3-6 more than 1000ppm, and children aged 6 and over and adults should use toothpaste containing 1350-1500ppm. Children ages 0 to 6 at increased risk of tooth decay may need to use a higher fluoride-containing toothpaste – our friendly team of dentists can advise you on this. For additional protection, particularly for those at higher risk of developing cavities, a fluoride mouth rinse may be recommended by your dentist. In areas where water is fluoridated, drinking tap water can help to provide the benefits of fluoride without any added efforts. Our oral health educator, Naomi, runs sessions for adults and children both at our practice and in local schools and nurseries so that we can help to give knowledge to all.

Myths and Misconceptions

Myth 1: Fluoride is Toxic

Fact: While excessive fluoride can lead to dental fluorosis (a condition that affects the appearance of teeth), fluoride is safe at the levels used in dental products and water fluoridation. The key is moderation. The UK guidelines state that fluoride levels in drinking water are carefully regulated to ensure safety.

Myth 2: Fluoride is Only for Children

Fact: Fluoride benefits people of all ages. While it is especially important for children whose teeth are developing, adults can also benefit from fluoride use to prevent decay and strengthen existing teeth.

Myth 3: Fluoride Causes Health Problems

Fact: Extensive research has shown no credible evidence linking fluoride to serious health problems when consumed at recommended levels. Regulatory bodies, including Public Health England and the World Health Organisation, endorse the safe use of fluoride.

Myth 4: Natural Alternatives are Better

Fact: While there are many natural remedies for dental health, none have been proven to be as effective as fluoride in preventing cavities. Regular dental check-ups and fluoride use, combined with good oral hygiene, remain the most effective strategies.

To conclude, understanding fluoride and its role in oral health is essential for making informed decisions. While myths and misconceptions are frequently spoken about, the evidence supporting fluoride’s safety and effectiveness is robust. By embracing fluoride as part of a comprehensive oral health routine, along with regular dental visits and good hygiene practices, you can help to ensure a healthier smile for you and your family.